AI Generated Language: Porspects and Challenges
Abstract
Capabilities to autonomously generate free and unconstrained yet coherent, meaningful, logically connected and thematically unified language text contributions make collaborative (re)shaping of nonlinear interactive narratives a hyperreal phenomenon in which open AI systems appear to be participating in equations with their human users. However, AI (re)shaped narratives are unique for where human inputs remain subjected to their spatiotemporal situatedness, socio-cultural contexts, and individual choices, AI-generated contributions are neither constrained by any contextual understanding nor are they influenced by any sentience for the consequences that the generated language or the (re)shaped narratives might have on its receivers. Analysis of the lexical content of the AI-generated language shows how a non- human agent effectively carves narratives on intricate human themes such as gender performativity, human emotions, psychological complexities, and multidimensional human relationships. The analysis establishes AI as a contributor to human existence for in the entire interactive experience both the open AI systems and their human users would undergo transformation. This is an attempt to propose a new theoretical perspective towards human-AI collaboration and highlights the need for the development of new analytical tools and evaluation criteria that is essentially needed to address the emerging phenomenon of a nonhuman AI agency capable of collaborating freely, meaningfully, and effectively with its human users.
References
References
Abid, G. (2021). Recognition and the perception–cognition divide. Mind & Language, mila.12362. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mila.12362
Aiello, G. (2020). Visual Semiotics: Key concepts and new directions. In L. Pauwels & D. Mannay (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Visual Research Method. SAGE.
Amin, A. (2015). Animated space. Public Culture, 27(2), 239–258.
https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2841844
Barroso, P. M. (2019). Hyperreality and virtual worlds: When the virtual is real. Sphera Publica.
Baudrillard, J. (1994). Simulacra and simulation. The University of Michigan Press.
Boden, M. A. (2006). Mind as machine: A history of cognitive science (Vol. 1). Oxford University Press.
Bostrom, N. (1998). ―How Long before Superintelligence?‖ International Journal of Future Studies, 02.
Britannica.com: https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence
Buchanan, B., Lohn, A., Musser, M., & Sedova, K. (2021). Truth, lies, and automation: How language models could change disinformation. https://doi.org/10.51593/2021CA003
Charniak, E. (1972). Towards a model of children‘s story comprehension. Mitai.
Chaturvedi, S., Iyyer, M., & Daume III, H. (2017). Unsupervised learning of evolving relationships between literary characters. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v31i1.10982
Cryan, J., Tang, S., Zhang, X., Metzger, M., Zheng, H., & Zhao, B. Y. (2020). Detecting gender stereotypes: Lexicon vs. Supervised learning methods. Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376488
Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research methods in applied linguistics: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methodologies. Oxford University Press.
Elstermann, A. (2020). Computer-generated text as a posthuman mode of literature production. Open Library of Humanities, 6(2), 31. https://doi.org/10.16995/olh.627
Ghashmari, A. (2016). Humanizing the Posthuman in Powers, Wallace, Gibson, and DeLillo [PhD thesis]. Kent State University.
Guzman, A. (2020). Ontological boundaries between humans and computers and the implications for human-machine communication. Human-Machine Communication, 1, 37–54. https://doi.org/10.30658/hmc.1.3
Hanson, D. Sophia. Hanson Robotics, 2016.
Honda, ASIMO, Miraikan Museum, 2022.
Influential, Knok Frost, Instagram Profile, Georgia, USA, 2019.
Kirby, A. (2009). Digimodernism: How new technologies dismantle the postmodern and reconfigure our culture. Continuum.
Lamola, M. J. (2021). Covid-19, philosophy, and the leap towards the posthuman.
Phronimon, 21(01), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.25159/2413-3086/8581
Martin, B., & Ringham, F. (2000). Dictionary of semiotics. Cassell.
Mateas, M., & Stern, A. (2003a). Facade: An experiment in building a fully- realised interactive drama. Game design track. Game Developers‘ Conference.
Haroon & Azam
Erevna: Journal of Linguistics & Literature Volume 7 Issue 1 60
Mateas, M., & Stern, A. (2003b). Integrating plot, character, and natural language Processing in the interactive drama facade. Proceedings of the Ist International Conference on Technologies for Interactive Digital Storytelling and Entertainment. https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~michaelm/publications/mateas-tidse2003.pdf
McFedries, T. & DeCou, S. (2016). ―Lil Miquela‖. Instagram Profile, BRUD, Los Angeles, USA,
McLuhan, M. (1967). The medium is the message. Bentam Book.
Meyer, J. S. (Ed.). (2000). Minimalism. Phaidon.
Minsky, M. (1974). A framework for representing knowledge. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Montojo, S. F. (2021). Human reproduction in the Transhuman Era: Main challenges for health law. Social Trasformation in Contemporary Society, 09.
Nangia, N., Vania, C., Bhalerao, R., & Bowman, S. R. (2020). Crows-pairs: A challenge dataset for measuring social biases in masked language models. Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), 1953–1967. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.emnlp-main.154
Nunes, M. (1995). Jean Baudrillard in cyberspace: Internet, Virtuality, and Postmodernity. Style, 29(02). www.jstor.org/stable/42946283
Riedl, M. O. (2009). Incorporating authorial intent into generative narrative systems. AAAI Spring Symposium: Intelligent Narrative Technologies.
Savoldi, B., Gaido, M., Bentivogli, L., Negri, M., & Turchi, M. (2021). Gender bias in machine translation. Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 9, 845–874. https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00401
Schwab, K. (2015). The fourth industrial revolution: What it means and how to respond. Foreign Affairs.
Sousa, L. P. de Q., & Pessoa, R. R. (2019). Humans, nonhuman others, matter, and language: A discussion from post humanist and decolonial perspectives. Trabalhos Em Linguística Aplicada, 58(2), 520–543. https://doi.org/10.1590/010318135373715822019
Wachsmuth, I. (2008). I, Max- Communicating with an artificial agent. Modelling Communication with Robots and Virtual Humans (Vol. 4930, pp. 279–295). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79037-2_15
Wilson, M. (2017). AI is inventing languages humans can‘t understand. Should we stop it? Fast Company.
Citation of this paper
Haroon, J. & Azam, M. K. S. (2023). AI generated language: Porspects and challenges. Erevna: Journal of Linguistics and Literature, 7(1), 47-60.
