The journal upholds the highest standards of publication ethics and research integrity. Ethical accountability applies to all parties involved: authors, reviewers, editors, and the administrative team.

Responsibilities of Authors
Authors must ensure their work is original, ethically conducted, and accurately reported. Data must be authentic and not manipulated. All sources must be properly cited. Authorship must reflect actual contributions, and all co-authors must approve the final manuscript. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently is prohibited.

Responsibilities of Reviewers
Reviewers play a critical role in maintaining quality. They must provide objective, unbiased evaluations and must review manuscripts within the agreed-upon timeframe. Reviewers must decline assignments where they face conflicts of interest. Confidentiality must always be maintained.

Responsibilities of Editors
Editors must ensure fairness, anonymity, and confidentiality in the review process. Editorial decisions are based solely on scholarly merit, without discrimination. Editors must avoid conflicts of interest and uphold transparent editorial practices.

DISCLOSURE & CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY

Authors must disclose all potential conflicts of interest, whether financial, institutional, or personal, that may influence their research. Editors and reviewers must also recuse themselves from handling manuscripts in which they have competing interests.

Transparency in disclosure ensures the trustworthiness of scholarly communication.