TY - JOUR AU - Sakhani, Muhammad Arshad AU - Jabbar, Abdul AU - Bhatti, Arshad Ali PY - 2022/06/20 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - Small Farm Holder’s Wellbeing: Evidence From Punjab (Pakistan) JF - Journal of Business & Economics  JA - JBE VL - 13 IS - 2 SE - DO - 10.2112/jbe.v13i2.431 UR - https://journals.au.edu.pk/ojs/index.php/jbe/article/view/431 SP - 87-102 AB - <p>The study investigates the impact of income diversification on the well-being of<br>small farm holders in Punjab, the most populated and agrarian province of Pakistan. It<br>benchmarks the levels of well-being of small farm holders who opt income diversification</p><p>(off-farm) with those who remain exclusively indulged in agricultural farm activities(only-<br>farm). The data of 1607 farm families are retrieved from the PSLM (2015–16) survey to con-<br>struct a fully representative well-being index using Principal Component Analysis (PCA).</p><p>Empirical analysis is obtained through the treatment effect model. The results of the treatment effect show that income diversification has positively significant impact on household</p><p>well-being and cast noticeable improvements in well-being of off-farm strata as compared to that of only-farm income earners. Furthermore, net saving, access to credit, dependence ratio, and farm size are the critical factors that enable land assets to have a favorable and substantial impact on both welfare and income diversification. Importantly improved education drives small farmers’ decision to diversify their sources of income.</p> ER -